What is the definition of Thermodynamics class 11 || What are the Applications of thermodynamics class 11 || What are the Demerits of thermodynamics class 11 || What is State function || What is Boundary class 11 || What are the Types of System || What is Homogeneous System class 11 || What is Heterogeneous System || What are the Thermodynamics properties || Write the Ways by which thermodynamics process ||What is Thermodynamics process class 11

Bharti

7 Dec, 2021

Chemical Thermodynamics

This is a note of thermodynamics for class 11 students. A simple definition of thermodynamics and all definitions related to thermodynamics chapter of class 11.

If you are a student write down in your copy 😜 as a note.

Thermodynamics class 11 chemistry chapter

Table of contents:-

Definitions of Thermodynamics
Applications of thermodynamics
Demerits of thermodynamics
State Function
Path Function
System
Boundary
Types of Boundary
Real Boundary
Types of real Boundary
Imaginary Boundary
Types of System
Homogeneous System
Heterogeneous System
Thermodynamics properties
Extensive property
Intensive property
Thermodynamics process
Isothermal process
Isobaric process
Isochoric process
Adiabatic process
Cyclic process
Way by which thermodynamics process is:-
Reversible process
*Irreversible process

What is the definition of Thermodynamics?

Definitions of thermodynamics:- Branch of science in which study various forms of energy and their interconversion-heat and work.

What are the Applications of thermodynamics?

Applications of thermodynamics areas:-

1. Thermodynamics explain the possibility of the process.

2. It explains the product.

3. It gives mathematics expression of phase rule and distribution law.

What are the Demerits of thermodynamics?

Demerits of thermodynamics areas:-

1. It only explain microscopic property.

2. It does not explain the rate of reaction.

3. It generally explain state function not explain path function.

What is State function?

Definition:- Those which depend upon initial state and final state do not depend upon path is called a state function. In physics, displacement is a state function.

Ex- Displacement

What is the Path function?

Those which depend upon path is called path function.

Ex- Distance

Some terminology

* System:- Part in the universe where observation takes place. This part is called a system. Outside the system is called surroundings. Those which divide the system and surrounding is called boundary.

System+Surrounding= Universe

What is Boundary?

Definition:- Those which separate system surrounding is called boundaries.

What are the Types of Boundary?

Types of boundary areas:-

1. Real Boundary

Those Boundary which is tangible is called Real Boundary.

Ex- Boundary of Close fire

What are the Types of real Boundaries?

Types of the real boundary areas:-

i) Adiabatic Boundary

The boundary by which the transfer of heat does not take place is called the adiabatic Boundary.

ii) Dithermic Boundary

The boundary by which transfer of heat takes place is called Dithermic Boundary.

iii) Rigid Boundary

Boundary by which not change their shape is called rigid boundary.

iv) Non-Rigid Boundary

The boundary which changes shape is called Non-Rigid Boundary.

2. Imaginary Boundary

Those Boundary which is not tangible is called imaginary Boundary.

Ex- Boundary of an open fire

What are the Types of Systems?

Types of system areas:-

i) Open system

A system that exchanges matter, as well as energy with surroundings, is called an open system.

ii) Close System

A system that exchanges only energy with surrounding not matter is called a Close System.

iii) Isolated System

A system which not exchange matter, as well as energy with surroundings, is called an isolated system.

*Note:- No one System is 💯% Isolated. But thermoflash is an example of an Isolated system.

What is a Homogeneous System?

A system in which a substance is in only one phase is called a Homogeneous System.

Ex- water (phase-liquid)

What is a Heterogeneous System?

A system in which a substance is in more than one phase is called Heterogeneous System.

Ex- a mixture of water(phase-liquid) and ice(phase-solid).

What are the Thermodynamics properties?

Properties of thermodynamics areas:-

Thermodynamics properties are classified into two parts:-

i) Extensive property

That thermodynamics property that changes with the shape and mass of a substance is called extensive property. It follows the additive rule of algebra.

Ex- mass, energy

ii) Intensive property

That thermodynamics property that does not depend upon the shape and Mass of substance is called intensive property. It does not obey the rule of algebra.

Ex- temperature pressure

The ratio of two extensive properties is always intensive.

Density (Intensive) =mass(extensive)/volume (extensive)

Identification

Let the room be divided into two equal parts

Let Temperature for 1st part=20°c

Let pressure for 1st part=1atm

Let the volume of 1st part 2litres

Let Mass of 1st part=4kg

From this we have,

Temperature for 2nd part=20°c

Pressure for 2nd part=1atm

The volume of 2nd part=2litres

Mass of 2nd part=4kg

Now from the 1st and 2nd parts we have,

Total temperature=20°c that's why it is intensive

Total pressure=1atm that's why it is intensive

Total volume=4 litres that's why it is extensive

Total mass=8kg that's why it is extensive

What is the Thermodynamics process?

When a system change by the process this change is called the thermodynamics process.

i) Isothermal process

The thermodynamics process in which temperature remains constant is called the isothermal process.

ii) Isobaric process

The thermodynamic process in which pressure remains constant is called the Isoberic process.

iii) Isochoric process

The thermodynamics process in which volume remains constant is called the isochoric process.

iv) Adiabatic process

The thermodynamic process in which heat changes is adiabatic.

v) Cyclic process

The thermodynamics process in which more than one process and their initial and final is constant is called cyclic process.

Write the Ways by which thermodynamics process.

Ways by which thermodynamics process areas:-

1. Reversible process

•Thermodynamic process which takes an infinite step to complete is called a reversible process.

•In this process work done is maximum.

•Mathematical form is in differential form.

•difference between the driving force and opposing force is very small (practically not possible).

2. Irreversible process

•

To be continued......

Chemical Thermodynamics